What Is a Cracked Tooth?
A cracked tooth happens when a break or fracture forms in the tooth's structure, which can range from small surface cracks to deep fractures that reach into the root. This may lead to pain and discomfort when eating, as well as challenges in maintaining good oral hygiene, which can reduce your overall quality of life. A visible crack or damage to the tooth can also make you feel self-conscious about your smile and may affect your speech, potentially impacting your confidence and social interactions.
Types of Cracked Teeth
Cracked teeth can be classified into different types based on the location and extent of the fracture. Identifying the type of crack helps determine the most appropriate treatment.
| Type of Cracked Tooth | Presentation |
|---|---|
| Craze Lines | Tiny, superficial cracks in the outer enamel that typically do not cause pain or structural damage. They are common in adults and usually do not require treatment unless for aesthetic concerns. |
| Fractured Cusp | A piece of the tooth’s chewing surface breaks off, often around a large dental filling. It may not always affect the pulp, but deeper fractures can lead to complications. |
| Cracked Tooth Syndrome (CTS) | A crack too small to be seen on X-rays or hidden below the gum line. It often causes intermittent pain when biting or releasing pressure but can sometimes be asymptomatic. Diagnosis is challenging and may require advanced imaging or bite tests. |
| Incomplete Cracked Tooth | A crack extending from the chewing surface towards the root. It may cause pain when chewing and, if left untreated, can deepen, increasing the risk of infection or tooth loss. Treatment depends on severity and may involve a crown and/or root canal. |
| Split Tooth | A crack that has fully separated the tooth into distinct segments. In most cases, it is beyond repair and requires extraction. |
| Vertical Root Fracture | A crack that starts in the root and extends upward. It is difficult to detect and often leads to bacterial infection and periodontal damage. Complete fractures usually require extraction. |
What Causes Teeth to Crack?
A cracked tooth can result from various factors, including daily habits, biological factors, and external forces. Common causes include:
- Bruxism (Teeth Grinding and Clenching) – Frequent grinding or clenching, especially during sleep, puts excessive pressure on teeth, gradually weakening their structure and increasing the risk of cracks.
- Chewing Hard Foods – Biting down on hard foods like ice, unpopped popcorn kernels, or hard candy can stress the enamel, leading to fractures over time.
- Sudden Temperature Changes – Consuming extremely hot food or drinks followed by something cold (or vice versa) causes the enamel to expand and contract unevenly, creating internal stress. Repeated exposure weakens enamel over time, increasing the risk of cracks.
- Age-Related Wear – Years of biting and chewing gradually weaken teeth, making them more prone to fractures that may progress to complete cracks over time.
- Large Fillings or Previous Dental Work – Teeth with extensive restorations, such as large fillings or root canal treatments, may have compromised strength, making them more likely to crack under pressure.
- Dental Trauma – A strong impact from accidents, falls, or sports injuries can cause immediate fractures or weaken the tooth over time.
Symptoms of a Cracked Tooth
The symptoms associated with a cracked tooth depend on the depth, location, and severity of the fracture. Some cracks lead to noticeable discomfort, whereas others may remain unnoticed until complications develop. Typical signs include:
- Sharp pain when chewing or biting, particularly when releasing pressure.
- Sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks.
- Discomfort or mild swelling around the affected tooth or gums.
- Intermittent pain that comes and goes, often without an obvious cause.
- A feeling of something "off" when biting down, as if the tooth does not align correctly.
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How Is a Cracked Tooth Diagnosed?
Diagnosing a cracked tooth typically involves a combination of clinical examination, patient history review, and diagnostic imaging tools. Some fractures can be challenging to pinpoint, as they may be too small to be seen on X-rays or hidden beneath the gum line. The process generally involves:
- Visual inspection using magnification to detect visible fractures.
- Bite test to check for pain when applying and releasing pressure (performed with caution to avoid worsening cracks).
- Dental transillumination, a specialised light technique that highlights cracks in the tooth structure.
- Dental X-rays or CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography) to rule out underlying issues (though minor cracks may not always be visible).
- Staining dye application to enhance the visibility of small or hidden fractures.
Cracked Tooth Treatment
The treatment for a cracked tooth depends on the location, severity, and extent of the crack. Common treatment options include:
| Treatment | Description & Purpose |
|---|---|
| Dental Bonding | Minor cracks can be repaired with composite resin to restore the tooth’s function and appearance. This is typically used for superficial fractures. |
| Dental Veneers | Thin porcelain or composite shells placed over the front surface of a tooth to conceal minor cracks and improve aesthetics. Suitable for front teeth but does not provide structural reinforcement for deeper fractures. |
| Dental Crown | A custom-made cap that encases a significantly cracked tooth to restore its strength, shape, and function while protecting it from further damage. |
| Root Canal Treatment | If the crack extends into the pulp, a root canal may be necessary to remove infected tissue, relieve pain, and save the tooth. |
| Tooth Extraction | If the crack extends below the gum line, the tooth may no longer be salvageable and could require extraction. In such cases, a dental implant or bridge may be recommended to restore function and aesthetics. |
How Can You Prevent a Cracked Tooth?
Preventing a cracked tooth requires good oral habits and proactive care. To reduce the risk of fractures:
- Avoid chewing hard foods like ice, popcorn kernels, and hard candy, which can put excessive pressure on teeth.
- Wear a mouthguard if you grind your teeth at night (bruxism) or participate in contact sports to protect against impact-related fractures.
- Maintain regular dental check-ups to allow early detection of enamel wear, small cracks, or other vulnerabilities before they worsen.
- Stay mindful of sudden temperature changes by avoiding extreme hot-and-cold food combinations, which can weaken enamel over time.
When to See a Dentist for a Cracked Tooth?
You should consult a dentist as soon as possible if you suspect a cracked tooth, or experience symptoms that impact your daily life, such as:
- Persistent or sharp pain when chewing or biting, especially when releasing pressure.
- Lingering sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods.
- Swelling or tenderness around the affected tooth or gums.
- A change in bite alignment that interferes with chewing.
- A visible crack or rough edge that affects your appearance and confidence.
Even minor cracks can worsen over time, allowing bacteria to enter and cause infection. Early treatment helps prevent further damage, infection, and potential tooth loss.
How Do I Book an Appointment for a Cracked Tooth?
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Frequently Asked Questions
A cracked tooth can often be repaired, but the treatment depends on the crack's severity and location. Minor cracks may be smoothened or bonded with composite resin, while deeper fractures may require a crown and/or root canal to restore function and prevent further damage. If the crack extends below the gum line, extraction may be necessary. It is best to consult a dentist to help determine the best treatment based on your specific condition.
Treatment for a cracked tooth varies based on the extent of the damage. Small cracks may be treated with bonding, while larger fractures often require a crown for protection. If the crack extends into the pulp, a root canal may be necessary to remove infection and preserve the tooth. Severe cracks that compromise the tooth’s structure may require extraction. A dentist can assess your condition and recommend the most suitable treatment.
If half of your tooth has cracked off, see a dentist as soon as possible to prevent infection or further damage. Avoid chewing on the affected side and rinse your mouth with warm water. Treatment depends on the remaining tooth structure. Your dentist may restore it with bonding, a crown, or a root canal. If the tooth is too damaged to repair, an extraction followed by a dental implant or bridge may be necessary.
A cracked tooth hurts because the fracture exposes the inner layers of the tooth, making it sensitive to pressure, temperature changes, and bacteria. When chewing, the crack may open slightly, irritating the nerve inside. In severe cases, bacteria can enter the crack, leading to pulp infection and inflammation. Seeking prompt dental care can help prevent worsening pain and complications.
A cracked tooth can often be saved with early intervention, but it depends on the depth and location of the crack. Superficial cracks may not require treatment, while deeper cracks may need a crown or root canal. If the crack extends below the gum line, saving the tooth becomes difficult, and extraction may be necessary. A dentist can evaluate the extent of the damage and provide the most appropriate treatment plan.
If you have a cracked tooth, avoid chewing on the affected side and rinse your mouth with warm water to keep the area clean. Over-the-counter pain relievers may help manage discomfort, but you should see a dentist as soon as possible for a proper evaluation. Delaying treatment can lead to worsening pain, infection, or tooth loss, so early diagnosis and care are essential.
If your tooth has cracked under a crown, visit a dentist promptly to assess the severity of the damage. Minor cracks may be repaired with a new crown, but deeper fractures could require a root canal or extraction if the tooth is beyond repair. Avoid chewing on the affected side until you receive professional care to prevent further damage.
A cracked tooth cannot heal on its own because enamel lacks the ability to regenerate. While minor surface cracks may not worsen, deeper cracks can progress, leading to pain, infection, or structural damage. Treatment options like bonding, crowns, or root canals can help preserve the tooth. It is advisable to consult a dentist for an evaluation and appropriate management to prevent complications.
A tooth can crack in half due to excessive biting pressure, trauma, weakened enamel, or underlying dental issues. Common causes include grinding (bruxism), chewing hard foods, large fillings that weaken tooth structure, or sudden temperature changes. Age-related wear and previous dental procedures can also contribute. If your tooth has cracked in half, seek prompt dental care to assess the extent of damage and explore treatment options.
There is no toothpaste that can repair a cracked tooth, but a fluoride toothpaste for sensitive teeth can help reduce discomfort by strengthening enamel and minimising sensitivity. Look for a toothpaste with potassium nitrate or stannous fluoride, which can provide relief from temperature sensitivity. However, toothpaste alone cannot fix a cracked tooth, so it is important to consult a dentist for proper diagnosis and treatment.
A cracked tooth may cause sharp pain when chewing, sensitivity to hot or cold, intermittent discomfort, or a rough edge you can feel with your tongue. In some cases, cracks are not visible and may only be detected through dental examination and imaging. If you suspect a cracked tooth, a dentist can perform a bite test, transillumination, or X-rays to confirm the diagnosis.
Superficial cracks, known as craze lines, are common and typically harmless, especially in adults. These are hairline fractures in the enamel that do not cause pain or structural damage. However, deeper cracks that extend into the dentin or pulp may lead to discomfort, infection, or tooth loss. If you notice cracks accompanied by pain or sensitivity, it is best to have them evaluated by a dentist.
Hard foods like ice, unpopped popcorn kernels, nuts, and hard candy can crack teeth, especially when bitten with excessive force. Chewy or sticky foods, such as caramel or tough meats, can also put stress on weakened teeth. Sudden temperature changes, like eating something hot immediately after consuming something cold, can create thermal stress and increase the risk of cracks. Being mindful of these factors can help protect your teeth.
Teeth may crack easily due to weakened enamel, excessive biting pressure, or underlying dental conditions. Factors like bruxism (teeth grinding), large fillings, age-related wear, acid erosion, and nutritional deficiencies can make teeth more prone to fractures. If you experience frequent cracks, consult a dentist to assess the underlying cause and discuss preventive measures such as wearing a nightguard or strengthening enamel with fluoride treatments.
Yes, chronic teeth grinding, known as bruxism, is a common cause of cracked teeth. The repeated pressure and friction weaken enamel over time, increasing the risk of fractures ranging from superficial craze lines to deeper structural damage. Wearing a custom nightguard can help reduce stress on teeth and prevent further cracking. If grinding is causing discomfort or frequent fractures, consulting a dentist can help with diagnosis, prevention, and management strategies.
A cracked tooth should not be left untreated, as it can worsen over time, leading to pain, infection, or tooth loss. Small cracks may remain stable, but deeper fractures can spread, allowing bacteria to enter and cause decay or abscesses. The longer a cracked tooth is left untreated, the higher the risk of complications. It is advisable to consult a dentist promptly to assess the severity and determine the appropriate treatment.
It is best to avoid chewing on the affected side if the crack is moderate to severe while awaiting treatment. Hard, sticky, or chewy foods can worsen the damage, so sticking to softer foods and minimising pressure on the cracked tooth is advisable. Minor cracks may not cause immediate issues, but deeper fractures can lead to pain or further breakage. If eating becomes uncomfortable, consult a dentist to determine if treatment or protective measures, such as a dental crown, are necessary.
The cost of fixing a cracked tooth depends on the severity of the damage and the required treatment. Minor cracks may be repaired with bonding, which is relatively affordable, while more extensive fractures may require a dental crown or root canal, which are more costly. In severe cases, extraction and replacement options like implants or bridges may be necessary. At True Dental Studio, we offer a range of treatments for cracked teeth. Contact us for more information on pricing and financing options.
Yes, you should continue brushing a broken tooth, but do so gently to avoid worsening the damage. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and avoid excessive pressure. If the tooth is sensitive, a toothpaste for sensitive teeth and rinsing with warm salt water or mouthwash can help maintain cleanliness and reduce discomfort. Keeping the area clean is important to prevent infection, but a dentist should evaluate the tooth to determine if further treatment is necessary.
A cracked tooth can become infected if bacteria enter the fracture, but the timeframe varies depending on the depth of the crack and oral hygiene. Signs of infection include persistent pain, swelling, gum tenderness, sensitivity to temperature, and pus around the tooth. If left untreated, the infection may spread, leading to an abscess. Seeking prompt dental care can help prevent infection and more serious complications.
You can sleep with a cracked tooth, but discomfort may worsen if pressure is applied while lying down or grinding occurs during sleep. If pain disrupts sleep, taking over-the-counter pain relief and using a cold compress may help. Wearing a nightguard can protect against grinding, which can exacerbate the crack. However, a cracked tooth should be evaluated by a dentist as soon as possible to prevent worsening damage or infection.
If a cracked tooth is not treated, it can worsen over time, leading to pain, infection, or complete fracture. Bacteria can enter the crack, causing decay, gum infection, or an abscess, which may spread to surrounding teeth and bone. The severity of the crack determines whether the tooth can be saved with a crown or root canal. If left untreated, extraction may become necessary. It is advisable to consult a dentist for early intervention to prevent complications.
A cracked tooth can appear as a visible line on the enamel, a chipped section, or an incomplete fracture that may not be immediately noticeable. Some cracks are too small to be seen but cause pain or sensitivity when biting. More severe cracks may result in separation of tooth fragments. Dental examinations, including magnification, transillumination, or X-rays, are often needed to detect less visible cracks.
Living with a cracked tooth is not advisable, as even minor cracks can worsen over time, leading to pain, infection, or structural damage. Superficial cracks, like craze lines, are generally harmless, but deeper fractures can weaken the tooth and cause sensitivity, decay, or eventual tooth loss. The severity of the crack determines the risk of complications, so seeking prompt dental care can help assess the damage and prevent long-term oral health issues.
Ignoring a cracked tooth can result in worsening pain, infection, or eventual tooth loss. Cracks may deepen over time, allowing bacteria to enter and cause decay or an abscess, which can spread to the gums and jawbone. In severe cases, the tooth may become too damaged to save, requiring extraction. Visiting a dentist for early diagnosis and treatment, such as bonding, a crown, or a root canal, can help preserve the tooth and prevent further complications.
A hairline crack in a tooth cannot heal on its own because enamel lacks the ability to regenerate. While some superficial cracks, like craze lines, do not require treatment, deeper cracks may worsen over time. Fluoride treatments or desensitising toothpaste can help manage sensitivity, but dental intervention is needed for structural damage. Consulting a dentist can help assess whether treatment, such as bonding or a crown, is necessary to prevent further issues.